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Organisation
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Organisation chart
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Chemical Safety Engineering
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Testing and Evaluation of Explosives and Pyrotechnics
The central task of the Testing and Evaluation of Explosives and Pyrotechnics division is the testing, evaluation, and expert advice regarding all aspects of use and handling of explosives, including articles containing explosives, and pyrotechnic articles subject to the German Explosives Act.
The division also performs approval tasks for pyrotechnic ammunition in accordance with the Law on the Testing and Approval of Firearms, Firecrackers, Devices using Ammunition for Propulsion, Ammunition and Other Weapons (BeschussgesetzG) and is responsible for the classification and evaluation of Class 1 substances and articles in accordance with the Law on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (Gefahrgutbeförderungsgesetz). Based on these legal responsibilities, the department is the authority in Germany for classifications (transport, storage), for approvals (blasting accessories, pyrotechnic ammunition) and for intra-community transfer approvals of explosives.
Furthermore, explosive substances from the research and development are evaluated whose origin ranges from accident investigations and illegal (criminal) handling to articles being extracted from articles meant for disposal, including those of military origin.
In this area the division is involved in research activities jointly with partners from enforcement authorities in Germany, and from national and international institutes with a similar scope of work, aiming at enhancing safety and security of explosives, articles containing explosives, and pyrotechnic articles.
The division has outstanding expertise in the field of safety assessment for the storage of explosives and pyrotechnic articles. In addition, it actively participates in safety-related standardization and rulemaking in the national and international framework and advises state and federal ministries and law enforcement agencies. The division is also actively contributing to the establishment of safety standards and regulations in a national and international context and provides expert advice to local and federal ministries of the German government.
further information
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Fields of expertise
- Evaluation of hazards of packaged explosives and pyrotechnic articles (dangerous goods of class 1)
- Simulation of detonation effects inside and on different building structures including practical testing
- Legal advice in the area of application of the German Explosives Act, of the German “Beschussgesetz” (German act on proofing of ammuntion), and regulations on the transport of dangerous good
- Safety of facilities of the explosives industry and of storage sites for explosives and pyrotechnic articles
- Pyrotechnic ammunition and marine distress signals (SOLAS test institution)
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Main activities
- Safety- and security-related research with explosives in the field of explosives detection, characterisation of explosives and their properties regarding sensitivity and performance
- Classification of explosives and pyrotechnic articles for the transport as dangerous good of class 1, including classification for storage according to German regulations (Explosives Act)
- Approvals of intra-community transfers according to the European directive for explosives
- National approvals of blasting accessories and pyrotechnic ammunition
- Further development of standards, in particular on a national level regarding the use of blasting explosives and initiation systems in underground mining
- Contributions to the continued development of laws in respect to national explosives regulations, national and international dangerous goods regulations, and regarding substance-related evalutations (GHS, CLP, REACH, hazardous materials regulations in general)
- Assessment of explosives and pyrotechnic articles presenting a risk, including pyrotechnic ammunition, and technical support to national market surveillance authorities
- Certification of the suitability of the outer packaging of pyrotechnic articles for the display in sales rooms
- Simulation and practical tests of detonation effects
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Range of services/technical equipment
- Testing of safety-related properties of explosives and pyrotechnic articles (e. g. sensitivity to mechanical stimulus, to electrostic discharge)
- Testing of packaged dangerous goods of class 1 according to the UN manual on tests and criteria (e. g. bonfire test, drop test)
- Testing of articles containing explosives in view of exclusion from dangerous goods hazard class 1
- Testing of blast-effect mitigation of construction elements and other protective devices towards detonation effects
- numerical simulation of blast effects using finite elements methods
- Testing of facility elements as found in production sites for explosives, pyrotechnic articles, and pyrotechnic ammunition by a mock-up of the conditions in a factory in down-scale or real size
- Analysis of reaction products, e. g. composition of toxic fumes from the initiation of explosives
- Testing of pyrotechnic articles and explosives accoring to European standards as support to market surveillance authorities or for safety-related evaluations
- Determination of the luminous strength and smoke density, e. g. with pyortechnic ammunition and marine distress signals
- Environmental testing of pyrotechnic articles in the field of the Marine Equipment Directive 2014/90/EU
- Measurement of extremely fast processes (detonations, quick deflagrations) with substances and articles (e. g. highspeed video recording, blast pressure measurement)
- Measurement of heat radiation during the reaction of substances and articles
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Publications